Regional and global conflicts in modern world war cover a wide range of challenges facing countries in the post-Cold War era. Wars that were initially local have now developed into more complex scenarios, involving non-state actors and global challenges such as terrorism and climate change. In the Middle East, the Syrian civil war is one of the clearest examples of a regional conflict that has global implications. The involvement of various countries such as the United States, Russia and Arab countries shows how national interests often clash. This conflict not only created a humanitarian crisis, but also triggered a flow of refugees which had an impact on the stability of Europe and surrounding countries. In the Asian region, the dispute in the South China Sea between China and several ASEAN countries is in the spotlight. China, which claims almost all of this sea area, validates the need for military force to secure its interests. As one of the world’s most important shipping lanes, these tensions could shake the global economy. Countries such as the United States seek to support its allies by conducting ‘Freedom of Navigation Operations’ to assert freedom of navigation. Apart from that, the conflict in Ukraine is also an important example of global tensions. Russia’s invasion in 2022 led to widespread international sanctions from Western countries, increasing tensions between NATO and Russia. Energy, especially natural gas, has become a major political tool and has an influence on global markets. European countries dependent on energy supplies from Russia have had to look for alternatives, affecting economic dynamics in various parts of the world. Climate change is also a significant conflict factor. Depleting natural resources, such as water and food, can trigger tensions between countries. For example, in Africa, competition for resources in the Sahel region is increasingly creating chaos. Water scarcity in this region not only has the potential to create armed conflict but also worsens the humanitarian crisis. Globalization also plays a role, where economic networks between countries are often influenced by political turmoil. Trade wars, cyber warfare and international terrorism are becoming part of the new structure of modern conflict. For example, cyber attacks on critical infrastructure in developed countries are changing the way we view security. In addition, non-state actors such as extremist groups also make the situation worse. Organizations like ISIS have exploited instability to expand their influence, challenging local governments as well as posing a greater global threat. Modern world war is no longer just fighting on the battlefield with weapons, but involves diplomacy, economics and the hunt for resources. Facing this challenge, countries must collaborate in multilateral diplomacy to build sustainable peace and stability. This situation demands awareness of global interdependence. In that context, regional conflicts will continue to have far-reaching impacts, shaping not only each country’s foreign policy but also the future well-being of global society.
